Preventing Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

A Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is when bacteria from the bowel is able to enter the bladder and will settle, reproduce and cause infection. This could cause more serious illness such as blood stream infection or sepsis. We often see an increase in UTI in warmer months due to people not drinking enough fluid to flush out these bacteria.

UTI signs and symptoms

A UTI in an older person without a urinary catheter is defined as 2 or more of the following symptoms:

  • Pain on passing urine (dysuria) 
  • Need to pass urine urgently (urgency) 
  • New or worsening urinary incontinence 
  • Need to pass urine more frequently (frequency) 
  • Lower abdominal pain (suprapubic pain where the bladder is) or back pain (‘flank’ pain, where the kidneys are)    
  • Visible blood in the urine (haematuria) 
  • Shivering or chills (rigors) or a temperature below 36°C or above 38°C 
  • New or worsening confusion/agitation

If you or someone you know develops these symptoms, talk to your GP or pharmacist who will be able to offer up to date advice.

Preventing UTI

  • Drink enough fluid (6-8 glasses) so that you wee regularly during the day, and to avoid feeling thirsty, especially during warmer weather
  • Healthy wee is clear or a light yellow colour. Dark coloured wee indicates dehydration and not infection.
  • Your bladder can be irritated by too much alcohol, fizzy drinks or caffeine
  • Go to the toilet as soon as you feel the need to wee, and try to empty your bladder fully every time
  • Wash your hands regularly with soap and water. Support children and others who may not be able to do this themselves
  • Maintain good personal hygiene – shower regularly, or use separate clean cloth for your bottom area
  • Women should wipe from front to back after going to the toilet, and wee after sex
  • Prevent constipation as this can cause pressure which can stop your bladder from emptying fully; ask for advice from your pharmacist or GP if needed
  • Try to avoid lots of sugary foods and if diabetic, maintain good control of blood sugar levels
  • Supplements such as D-mannose and cranberry juice may help prevent recurrent UTI in younger women. Ask your GP or pharmacist